Abstract

The current study was carried out in plant tissue culture lab., in center of desert studies/ University of Anbar, to determine the possibility of inducing callus from the cotyledon of Helianthus annuus L. by using different concentrations of growth regulator 2,4-D (1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 mg L-1) with other concentrations of growth regulator Kintein (0 and 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75 mg L-1). NaOCl solution was used to sterilize the seeds at four concentrations of 0, 2, 4 and 6% and for three periods of 5, 10 and 15 min to obtain sterile seedlings. The results showed that the concentration of 6.0% of NaOCl exceeded when treating the seeds for 10 min by achieving the highest percentage for eliminating contamination and the highest mean for obtaining sterile seedlings, which reached 100% and 90%, respectively. As for callus induction, the excised explant of sterile seedlings was cultured in MS media supplied with the growth regulators in the study for 35 days. The results showed that the combination of 0.25×1.0 mg L-1 achieved the highest response to callus formation, reached 100%, and the minimum time for the start of callus induction was 5.29 days. In comparison, the combination of 0.25×2.0 mg L-1 showed the minimum period for the completion of callus formation was 25.14 days. In contrast, the combination of 0.75×2.0 mg L-1 showed the highest fresh and dry weight values of 767.0 and 53.0 mg, respectively.

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The article was added to IASJ on 2023-07-20

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